APPOSITION AS A SPECIAL VARIANT OF ATTRIBUTE IN THE LANGUAGES OF DIFFERENT SYSTEM (BY THE MATERIAL OF THE MARI, GERMAN AND FRENCH LANGUAGES)

Galina L. Sokolova1, Anna. L. Kolyago2*, Alla A. Fokina3;, Irina V. Trubyanova4 & Natalia V. Bogdanova5
? Assoc. Prof., Mari State University, Russia, askgalinasokol@mail.ru
²* Assoc. Prof., Mari State University, Russia, kolyago@yandex.ru  
³ Assoc. Prof., Mari State University, Russia, allafokina70@mail.ru
4 Assoc. Prof., Mari State University, Russia, opleva@mail.ru
5Senior Lecturer, Mari State University, Russia, natali100879@mail.ru
*Corresponding author

Abstract

In the article the apposition as a special variant of attribute in the Mari, German and French languages is considered. The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that the comparative-typological analysis of the apposition in the languages of different language families (Mari, German and French) has not been conducted in linguistics. The aim of the research is to give a qualitative description of the apposition, to analyze the grammatical methods of connection of the apposition with the determined word and to reveal similarities and differences of the apposition in the languages belonging to different language families. The authors use the method of synchronous description of the collected material, the comparative method allows to determine similarities and differences in the analyzed languages. In traditional linguistics the apposition is called as a special kind of attribute. Unlike the latter, the apposition denotes a permanent feature of the subject which is clarified, concretized and gives it another name. As well as attribute, the apposition refers to a substantivized word and is expressed by a substantivized word. The apposition, unlike the attribute, gives the subject any characteristics in regard to age, cognation, specialty, occupation, national and social belonging. The analysis of theoretical and factual material allows us to conclude that in comparative languages the apposition has similar characteristics, i.e. gives the objective concept, which denoted by the determined word, another objective name, qualifying it in the broadest sense of the word. The cases of isolation of apposition are possible in all languages. Due to the fact that languages belong to different language groups, the grammatical bond between the components in the group «apposition + defined» is realized in different ways. In the Mari language there are two possible ways, using connection without agreement of nominal parts, when the apposition is expressed by the noun in the nominative case and by the way of agreement in the isolation of the apposition. In German and French, this connection is provided by the contact location of the apposition and defined word.

Keywords: the Mari language, the German language, the French language, apposition, languages of different system, similarities, differences



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CITATION: Abstracts & Proceedings of INTCESS 2018- 5th International Conference on Education and Social Sciences, 5-7 February 2018- Istanbul, Turkey

ISBN: 978-605-82433-2-3