THE EFFECT OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION UNDER NEXT ELECTRICITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN SPANISH ECONOMY

Carmen Ramos¹*, Ana Salomé García², Blanca Moreno³, Guzmán Díaz⁴

¹(Mrs.) University of Oviedo, Spain, cramos@uniovi.es
² (Mrs.) University of Oviedo, Spain, asgarcia@uniovi.es
³ (Mrs.) University of Oviedo, Spain, morenob@uniovi.es
⁴ (Mr.) University of Oviedo, Spain, guzman@uniovi.es
*Corresponding author

Abstract
The European Union has shifted significantly toward a more climate friendly and efficient electricity system with the increase of renewable energy sources. Next electricity management systems help to better integrate distributed generation renewable resources, such as photovoltaic as well as small or micro wind or combined heat and power units, in the electricity market. For example, in 2014 the Spanish National Commission for Markets and Competition accounted of 60,000 photovoltaic plants in comparison with 10,000 plants that had been registered for 2006. Moreover, it is expected that distributed generation increases more in Spain as the Action Plan for Renewable Energy 2011-2020  (Spanish Government, 2011) proposes that the installed capacity of micro and small scale hydropower, photovoltaic and micro wind reach 2158 MW, 12356 MW and 300MW till 2020.
By using an Input-Output approach, this paper study the environmental and economic impacts of different energy sources and greenhouse gas emissions in a massive integration of electricity distributed generators under a next electricity management systems. Several scenarios are considered according to different paths of the integration of distributed generators in electricity supply and electricity management strategies.
Economically, the investment in these technologies can originate relevant induced effects in the economy.  For example, Micro- wind, Small Hydro and photovoltaic have large economic direct and indirect effects in the Spanish economy in term of output and employment, but the variability of renewable should be considered.
The estimated co-benefits in terms of output and new jobs in the economy are relevant and help to the transformation to not only lower-carbon economy but a prosperous nation.

Keywords: Electricity distributed generation, Virtual Power Plants, input-output analysis.